学习言语是人类与生俱来的行为。从孩提时起，咱们就学习思索、学习交换，并且天性地把握母语或本族语的语法。从那时起，咱们便学习跟初识无关的任何新言语——正是凭着初识，咱们才懂得周围的环球。当天小编给大家带来一些迷信学习英语的方法。
picking up a new language is not really that easy, but knowing more about the science of learning languages may help you speed up the learning progress. belle beth cooper has shared her views on crew blog:
学一门言语并非易事，不过多了解学外语的迷信或许会提高更快。
how we learn language
人们学习言语的模式
learning language is something we’re born to do. as children, we learn to think, learn to communicate and intuitively pick up an understanding of grammar rules in our mother tongue, or native language. from then on, we learn all new languages in relation to the one we first knew—the one that we used to understand the world around us for the first time ever。
学习言语是人类与生俱来的行为。从孩提时起，咱们就学习思索、学习交换，并且天性地把握母语或本族语的语法。从那时起，咱们便学习跟初识无关的任何新言语——正是凭着初识，咱们才懂得周围的环球。
learning a foreign language
学习一门外语
when it comes to learning a second language, adults are at a disadvantage. as we age, our brain’s plasticity (its ability to create new neurons and synapses) is reduced. following brain damage that causes a loss of speech, for instance, researchers have observed that children are more likely to regain the power of speech, by creating new pathways in the brain to replace the damaged ones。
说到学习第二言语，成人总是处于不利位置。随着年龄增长，人类大脑的可塑性就会消退，而这种可塑性却能发生新的神经元与突触。紧接着大脑挫伤便会形成言语才干的丢失。比如，钻研人员曾经发现，经过新陈代谢取代大脑受损细胞，儿童更容易从新取得言语才干。
there’s still hope, though. a study of secondary language pronunciation found that some learners who started as adults scored as well as native speakers. it’s also been shown that motivation to learn can improve proficiency, so if you really want to learn a language, it’s not necessarily too late。
当然宿愿还是有的。一项无关第二言语发音的钻研发现，有些成年学习者照样可以将外语学得很纯粹。而且，学习言语的动机能极大提高言语把握的熟练度。所以，假设你真的特意想学某种言语，任何时刻都不算晚。
give yourself the best chance
给自己最好的时机
if you want to put in the effort to learn a new language, try these methods that are known for improving learning and memory。
假设你想致力学一门新言语，那就试试上方这些方法吧，这些方法可以在学习和记忆方面帮到你。
1. spaced repetition
1. 距离重复
spaced repetition is a proven memory technique that helps you keep what you’ve learned strong in your mind. the way it works is you revise each word or phrase you’ve learned in spaced intervals. initially the intervals will be smaller: you might revise a new word a few times in one practice session, and then again the next day. once you know it well you’ll be able to leave days or weeks between revisions without forgetting it。
“距离重复”是很有效的记忆技巧，有助于将学过的常识牢牢记在大脑里。详细方法就是：每隔一段期间就温习学过的每个单词或词组。刚开局距离期间比拟短：你或许须要在某个练习阶段温习好几次生词，而后第二天再重复。一旦相熟以后，你可以几天或许几个星期再温习一下，这样照旧可以记得清分明楚。
2. learn before you sleep
2. 睡前学习
one of the many benefits we get from sleep is that it helps to clear out the brain’s "inbox" - the temporary storage of new information and memories from our time awake. we need sleep (even just a nap) to move anything we’ve recently learned into our brain’s long term storage. once it’s safely stored, spaced repetition will help to strengthen the connection so we can recall the information faster and more accurately。
睡眠的一个好处就是它能肃清大脑的“收件箱”——也就是咱们在苏醒时暂时贮存的新消息和记忆。咱们须要睡眠(哪怕只是打盹)将最新学习的物品转换到大脑的常年贮存中。一旦贮存固定，“距离重复”将强化之间的咨询，这样咱们便能更快更准确地记住消息了。
3. study content, not the language
3. 学习言语内容，而非言语自身。
although most language learning classes and progams focus on purely learning the language, a study of high school students studying french found that when they studied another subject taught in french instead of a class purely to teach french, the students tested better for listening and were more motivated to learn. students in the standard french class scored better on reading and writing tests, so both methods clearly have merit。
虽然少数言语教学课程重点强调单纯学习言语自身，但一项无关高中生学法语的钻研发现，假设在校生学习某个用法语教学的课程，而非单纯的法语课，那么在校生的法语听力效果更杰出，而且在校生也更有能源去学。不过，规范法语班的在校生在浏览和写作上的效果更高。显然，两种方法各具长处吧。
once you’ve mastered the basics of a new language, try including some content on a topic you’re interested in to improve your understanding. you could have conversations with friends learning the same language, read articles online or listen to a podcast to test your comprehension。
当你把握某个言语的基本常识后，请尝试了解自己关心的话题内容，这样可以提高了解才干。你可以跟学这门言语的搭档交谈，浏览网络文章，或许经过听播客来测试自己的了解力。
4. practice a little everyday
4. 每天都练习一点点
if you’re busy, you might be tempted to put off your studying and cram in a big chunk of learning once every week or two. however, studying a little every day is actually more effective. because your brain’s "inbox" has limited space and only sleep can clear it out, you’ll hit the limit of how much you can take in pretty quickly if you study for hours at a time。
假设你很忙，或许会迁延学习，而后每个一两个星期再集中填鸭式地学一会儿。但实践上，每天保持学一点的方法更有效率。由于你大脑“收件箱”的空间是有限的，只能在睡觉时清空，所以假设你选用一次性性极速学一堆常识的话，最终能够把握的也很有限。
5. mix new and old
5. 温故知新。
the brain craves novelty but attempting to learn lots of new words or phrases at once can be overwhelming. novel concepts work best when they’re mixed in with familiar information。
大脑盼望新颖常识，但假设一次性性学习太多生词短语的话，则会一挥而就。只要联合曾经相熟的常识，才干更好地把握新常识。
when you add new words to your vocabulary, try spacing them in - between words you’re already familiar with so they’ll stand out—your brain will latch onto them more easily。
当你学习新词汇时，请把它与曾经把握的、意义凑近的词汇区离开来——这样大脑才干更容易地记住生词。